Disaggregating the Asian-American Breast Cancer Population: Disparities in Reconstruction Rates.

INTRODUCTION: Breast cancer (BC) incidence has been increasing among Asian-Americans (AsAms); recent data suggest these patients are less likely to undergo postmastectomy breast reconstruction (PMBR) compared to non-Asian women. Historically, AsAm BC patients are reported in aggregate, masking heterogeneity within this population. We aim to identify patterns of postmastectomy reconstruction among disaggregated AsAm BC patients at our institution. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed for BC patients who underwent mastectomy between 2017 and 2021. Patient demographic and clinical information was collected including self-reported race/ethnicity and reconstruction at time of mastectomy. Self-identified Asian patients were disaggregated into East Asian, Southeast Asian, South Asian, and 'Asian Other.' We examined rates of reconstruction between the different races and the disaggregated Asian subgroups. Univariable and multivariable analysis was performed to examine patient factors associated with PMBR. RESULTS: Six hundred and five patients met inclusion criteria. Forty seven percent of patients identified as Asian, 36% of which as East Asian. Forty four percent of all patients underwent PMBR. Southeast Asian and South Asian women were least likely to undergo reconstruction, while Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black women were most likely to pursue PMBR (P = 0.020). On multivariable analysis, Hispanic, non-Hispanic White, and non-Hispanic Black women were more likely to undergo reconstruction compared to Asian women. Other factors associated with reconstruction were coverage with private insurance and diagnosis of noninvasive disease. CONCLUSIONS: Rates of PMBR are lower among AsAms than non-Asian patients and vary between Asian ethnic subgroups. Further investigation is needed to identify patterns of reconstruction among the disaggregated AsAm population to address disparities.

Outcomes of atypical lobular hyperplasia managed by active surveillance or immediate surgery.

BACKGROUND: Atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) is typically diagnosed via needle core biopsy (NCB) and is commonly removed surgically in light of upgrade to malignancy rates of 1%-5%. As studies on radiographic outcomes of ALH managed by active surveillance (AS) are limited, we investigated the upgrade rates of surgically excised ALH as well as radiographic progression during AS. METHODS: In this retrospective study, 125 patients with 127 ALH lesions diagnosed via NCB at Weill Cornell Medicine from 2015 to 2021 were included. The upgrade rate to cancer was determined for patients who had surgical management ≤6 months after biopsy. Among patients with ALH managed by AS, we investigated radiographic progression on 6-month interval imaging. RESULTS: Of 127 ALH lesions, 75% (n = 95) were immediately excised and 25% (n = 32) were observed under AS. The upgrade rate of immediately excised ALH was 2.1% (n = 2; invasive ductal carcinoma [IDC], T1N0 and IDC, and T1Nx). In the AS cohort, no ALH lesions progressed radiographically during the follow-up period of 22.5 months (median), with all remaining stable (50%, n = 16), resolving (47%, n = 15), or decreasing in size (3%, n = 1). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, NCB-diagnosed ALH had a low upgrade to malignancy rate (2.1%), and no ALH lesions managed by AS progressed radiographically during the follow-up period of 22.5 months. These results support AS as the favorable option for patients with pure ALH on biopsy, with surgical excision for lesions that progress on surveillance.

Preoperative evaluation and orthopedic surgical strategies for tumor-induced osteomalacia.

Tumor-induced osteomalacia (TIO), also known as oncogenic osteomalacia, is very rare, with about 1000 reported cases globally. Removing most TIO culprit tumors requires the evaluation and intervention of orthopedic doctors. However, orthopedic doctors often have a poor understanding of the optical treatment of TIO due to its rarity. In addition, most TIO patients lack specific clinical manifestations. Also, the clinical localization and qualitative diagnosis of TIO are difficult and thus can easily be misdiagnosed and mistreated. Furthermore, the true incidence rate of TIO may be underestimated. Although many breakthroughs have been made in exploring the pathogenesis, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of TIO, rational and standardized orthopedic surgical treatment experience summary and sorting for TIO patients are lacking. In this article, the recent experience and progress in the field of orthopedic surgical treatment for TIO globally have been summarized, providing a theoretical basis and new clinical practice guidance for the rational treatment of TIO patients.

Changes in the land-use landscape pattern and ecological network of Xuzhou planning area.

Ongoing rapid urbanization has triggered significant changes in land use, rendering landscape patterns adversely impacted and certain habitat patches degraded. Ecological networks have consequently contracted overall. As such, an investigation into how land-use landscape patterns and ecological networks change over time and space is of major significance for ecological restoration and regional sustainability. Taking Xuzhou Planning Area as a case study, we examined spatiotemporal changes and features of the landscape pattern by employing the land-use change degree, the land-use transition matrix, and quantified landscape pattern indices. An ecological network analysis, which studies the changes in network connectivity and robustness, as well as their causes and contributors, was undertaken to probe into the features and trends of spatiotemporal changes in the land-use landscape pattern and ecological network amid expeditious urbanization. Analysis results unveiled the following: (1) From 1985 to 2020, there was a decline in the area of farmland, forest, and grassland, accompanied by an increase in land for construction, water bodies, and unused land. The southwestern research area witnessed farmland substantially give way to land for construction for this period, and the most dramatic change in land use occurred between 2000 and 2010. (2) The area of dominant patches in the research area shrank, along with more fragmented, complex landscapes. The land for construction was emerging as the dominant landscape by area, whereas patches of farmland, forest, grassland, and water bodies became less connected. (3) The ecological network was densely linked in the northeast, with sparser connections in the southwest. Spatial shrinkage was observed in the research area's southwestern and central ecological corridors. Overall, the number of ecological sources and corridors rose and subsequently dropped before a rebound. (4) The ecological network grew more connected and robust from 1985 through 1990, as portions of farmland were converted into water bodies, which led to an increase in ecological sources. Given a reduction in ecological sources and corridors in the southwestern and central regions between 1990 and 2010, network connectivity and robustness declined, which was reversed from 2010 onward with the addition of two ecological sources-Pan'an Lake and Dugong Lake. With an optimal ecological network in 1990, however, it deteriorated significantly by 2010. The research area saw the minimum value of its network connectivity indices of network stability index (α), evenness index (ß), and connectivity index (γ), in 2010, when its ecological network was highly fragmented and vulnerable, attributing to a strong contrast between the maximal connected subgraph's relative size and connectivity robustness. The research findings can lay scientific groundwork for addressing ecological issues, restoring landscape patterns, and developing ecological networks amid urbanization.

Generalized Multifunctional Coating Strategies Based on Polyphenol-Amine-Inspired Chemistry and Layer-by-Layer Deposition for Blood Contact Catheters.

Blood-contacting catheters play a pivotal role in contemporary medical treatments, particularly in the management of cardiovascular diseases. However, these catheters exhibit inappropriate wettability and lack antimicrobial characteristics, which often lead to catheter-related infections and thrombosis. Therefore, there is an urgent need for blood contact catheters with antimicrobial and anticoagulant properties. In this study, we employed tannic acid (TA) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to create a stable hydrophilic coating under mild conditions. Heparin (Hep) and poly(lysine) (PL) were then modified on the TA-APTES coating surface using the layer-by-layer (LBL) technique to create a superhydrophilic TA/APTES/(LBL)4 coating on silicone rubber (SR) catheters. Leveraging the superhydrophilic nature of this coating, it can be effectively applied to blood-contacting catheters to impart antibacterial, antiprotein adsorption, and anticoagulant properties. Due to Hep's anticoagulant attributes, the activated partial thromboplastin time and thrombin time tests conducted on SR/TA-APTES/(LBL)4 catheters revealed remarkable extensions of 276 and 103%, respectively, when compared to uncoated commercial SR catheters. Furthermore, the synergistic interaction between PL and TA serves to enhance the resistance of SR/TA-APTES/(LBL)4 catheters against bacterial adherence, reducing it by up to 99.9% compared to uncoated commercial SR catheters. Remarkably, the SR/TA-APTES/(LBL)4 catheter exhibits good biocompatibility with human umbilical vein endothelial cells in culture, positioning it as a promising solution to address the current challenges associated with blood-contact catheters.

Subhealth Status of Nursing Staff and Its Influencing Factors in Shaanxi Province.

Background: The concept of subhealth, defined as a state between health and illness characterized by diminished vitality and adaptability, is emerging as a significant concern, particularly among nursing staff. In Shaanxi Province, there is a notable prevalence of subhealth conditions among nurses, influenced by various factors, including lifestyle, work environment, and psychological stress. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the level of subhealth status among nursing staff in Shaanxi hospitals, identify the primary causes and risk factors affecting their subhealth, and propose relevant countermeasures. The goal is to provide a scientific basis for developing strategies to enhance nursing staff's physical and mental well-being. Methods: A comprehensive questionnaire survey was conducted among 1068 nursing staff members from different hospitals in Shaanxi Province. The survey assessed various dimensions of subhealth, including physical, psychological, and social aspects. Data were analyzed to determine the relationships between subhealth status and factors like exercise frequency, dietary habits, smoking and alcohol consumption, occupational injuries, work situation, and stress levels. Results: Most respondents were female, aged between 21 and 40 years. The study found no significant gender-related differences in subhealth scores. Key factors affecting subhealth included physical exercise, dietary habits, occupational stress, and work conditions. The data revealed higher physical subhealth but lower psychological subhealth among nursing staff compared to regional norms. Notable relationships were observed between lifestyle choices, work-related factors, and the subhealth status of nursing staff. Conclusion: The subhealth status of nursing staff in Shaanxi hospitals is influenced by a combination of lifestyle, occupational, and psychological factors. The study underscores the need for targeted interventions focusing on lifestyle modifications, stress management, and improved work conditions to enhance the overall health status of nursing staff. This research provides valuable insights for healthcare policymakers and administrators to develop effective strategies for managing subhealth conditions among nursing professionals.

ROS Balance Autoregulating Core-Shell CeO2@ZIF-8/Au Nanoplatform for Wound Repair.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) plays important roles in living organisms. While ROS is a double-edged sword, which can eliminate drug-resistant bacteria, but excessive levels can cause oxidative damage to cells. A core-shell nanozyme, CeO2@ZIF-8/Au, has been crafted, spontaneously activating both ROS generating and scavenging functions, achieving the multi-faceted functions of eliminating bacteria, reducing inflammation, and promoting wound healing. The Au Nanoparticles (NPs) on the shell exhibit high-efficiency peroxidase-like activity, producing ROS to kill bacteria. Meanwhile, the encapsulation of CeO2 core within ZIF-8 provides a seal for temporarily limiting the superoxide dismutase and catalase-like activities of CeO2 nanoparticles. Subsequently, as the ZIF-8 structure decomposes in the acidic microenvironment, the CeO2 core is gradually released, exerting its ROS scavenging activity to eliminate excess ROS produced by the Au NPs. These two functions automatically and continuously regulate the balance of ROS levels, ultimately achieving the function of killing bacteria, reducing inflammation, and promoting wound healing. Such innovative ROS spontaneous regulators hold immense potential for revolutionizing the field of antibacterial agents and therapies.

Nanofluidic memristor based on the elastic deformation of nanopores with nanoparticle adsorption.

The memristor is the building block of neuromorphic computing. We report a new type of nanofluidic memristor based on the principle of elastic strain on polymer nanopores. With nanoparticles absorbed at the wall of a single conical polymer nanopore, we find a pinched hysteresis of the current within a scanning frequency range of 0.01-0.1 Hz, switching to a diode below 0.01 Hz and a resistor above 0.1 Hz. We attribute the current hysteresis to the elastic strain at the tip side of the nanopore, caused by electrical force on the particles adsorbed at the inner wall surface. Our simulation and analytical equations match well with experimental results, with a phase diagram for predicting the system transitions. We demonstrate the plasticity of our nanofluidic memristor to be similar to a biological synapse. Our findings pave a new way for ionic neuromorphic computing using nanofluidic memristors.

Uptake, tissue distribution, and biotransformation pattern of triclosan in tilapia exposed to environmentally-relevant concentrations.

Although triclosan has been ubiquitously detected in aquatic environment and is known to have various adverse effects to fish, details on its uptake, bioconcentration, and elimination in fish tissues are still limited. This study investigated the uptake and elimination toxicokinetics, bioconcentration, and biotransformation potential of triclosan in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to environmentally-relevant concentrations under semi-static regimes for 7 days. For toxicokinetics, triclosan reached a plateau concentration within 5-days of exposure, and decreased to stable concentration within 5 days of elimination. Approximately 50 % of triclosan was excreted by fish through feces, and up to 29 % of triclosan was excreted through the biliary excretion. For fish exposed to 200 ng·L-1, 2000 ng·L-1, and 20,000 ng·L-1, the bioconcentration factors (log BCFs) of triclosan in fish tissues obeyed similar order: bile ≈ intestine > gonad ≈ stomach > liver > kidney ≈ gill > skin ≈ plasma > brain > muscle. The log BCFs of triclosan in fish tissues are approximately maintained constants, no matter what triclosan concentrations in exposure water. Seven biotransformation products of triclosan, involved in both phase I and phase II metabolism, were identified in this study, which were produced through hydroxylation, bond cleavages, dichlorination, and sulfation pathways. Metabolite of triclosan-O-sulfate was detected in all tissues of tilapia, and more toxic product of 2,4-dichlorophenol was also found in intestine, gonad, and bile of tilapia. Meanwhile, two metabolites of 2,4-dichlorophenol-O-sulfate and monohydroxy-triclosan-O-sulfate were firstly discovered in the skin, liver, gill, intestine, gonad, and bile of tilapia in this study. These findings highlight the importance of considering triclosan biotransformation products in ecological assessment. They also provide a scientific basis for health risk evaluation of triclosan to humans, who are associated with dietary exposure through ingesting fish.

METTL3-dependent m6A modification of PSEN1 mRNA regulates craniofacial development through the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway.

Craniofacial malformations, often associated with syndromes, are prevalent birth defects. Emerging evidence underscores the importance of m6A modifications in various bioprocesses such as stem cell differentiation, tissue development, and tumorigenesis. Here, in vivo, experiments with zebrafish models revealed that mettl3-knockdown embryos at 144 h postfertilization exhibited aberrant craniofacial features, including altered mouth opening, jaw dimensions, ethmoid plate, tooth formation and hypoactive behavior. Similarly, low METTL3 expression inhibited the proliferation and migration of BMSCs, HEPM cells, and DPSCs. Loss of METTL3 led to reduced mRNA m6A methylation and PSEN1 expression, impacting craniofacial phenotypes. Co-injection of mettl3 or psen1 mRNA rescued the level of Sox10 fusion protein, promoted voluntary movement, and mitigated abnormal craniofacial phenotypes induced by mettl3 knockdown in zebrafish. Mechanistically, YTHDF1 enhanced the mRNA stability of m6A-modified PSEN1, while decreased METTL3-mediated m6A methylation hindered ß-catenin binding to PSEN1, suppressing Wnt/ß-catenin signaling. Pharmacological activation of the Wnt/ß-catenin pathway partially alleviated the phenotypes of mettl3 morphant and reversed the decreases in cell proliferation and migration induced by METTL3 silencing. This study elucidates the pivotal role of METTL3 in craniofacial development via the METTL3/YTHDF1/PSEN1/ß-catenin signaling axis.

Tuning the Interface Stability of Nickel-Rich NCM Cathode Against Aggressive Structural Collapse via the Synergistic Effect of Additives.

Nickel-rich layered oxides are envisaged as one of the most promising alternative cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, considering their capabilities to achieve ultrahigh energy density at an affordable cost. Nonetheless, with increasing Ni content in the cathodes comes a severe extent of Ni4+ redox side reactions on the interface, leading to fast capacity decay and structural stability fading over extended cycles. Herein, dual additives of bis(vinylsulfonyl)methane (BVM) and lithium difluorophosphate (LiDFP) are adopted to synergistically generate the F-, P-, and S-rich passivation layer on the cathode, and the Ni4+ activity and dissolution at high voltage are restricted. The sulfur-rich layer formed by the polymerization of BVM, combined with the Li3PO4 and LiF phases derived from LiDFP, alleviates the problems of increased impedance, cracks, and an irreversible H2-H3 phase transition. Consequently, the Ni-rich LiNixM1-xO2 (x > 0.95) button half-cell cycled in LiDFP + BVM electrolyte exhibits a significant discharging capacity of 181.4 mAh g-1 at 1 C (1 C = 200 mA g-1) with retention of 83.7% after 100 cycles, surpassing the performance of the commercial electrolyte (160.7 mAh g-1) with retention of 53.3%. Remarkably, the NCM95||graphite pouch cell exhibits a remarkable capacity retention of 95.5% after 200 cycles. This work inspires the rational design of electrolyte additives for ultrahigh-energy batteries with nickel-rich layered oxide cathodes.

Surgical treatment for pelvic haemophilic pseudotumour: a retrospective analysis of 21 cases.

Background: Due to the rarity of pelvic haemophilic pseudotumour (PHPT) and demanding surgical technique for PHPT excision, no study reports the mid-term follow-up outcomes of surgical treatment of PHPT in a relatively large cohort. PHPT with varying degrees of bony pelvic involvement and infection status necessitates different operative procedures, yet there is currently no classification system for PHPT based on surgical practice. Methods: The study was conducted between June 25, 2004 and July 18, 2023, in Peking Union Medical College Hospital and Nanfang Hospital in China. We performed a retrospective analysis involving 21 patients with 24 PHPTs with a mean follow-up period of 7.1 years. The demographic information, PHPT characteristics, surgical data, and perioperative complications were analysed. Findings: 21 consecutive male patients with 24 PHPTs (21 primary PHPTs and three recurrent PHPTs) that underwent surgical treatment were involved in the study. A classification system including four subtypes was introduced as (I) PHPT confined to soft tissue; (II) PHPT involving bony pelvic without pelvic discontinuity; (III) PHPT causing pelvic discontinuity; (IV) Infectious PHPT. Of the 24 PHPTs, 11 (45.8%) were identified as Type I, five (20.8%) as Type II, three (12.5%) as Type III, and five (20.8%) as Type IV. At the time of surgery, the patients had a mean age of 37.0 ± 9.5 years (Range, 24-52 years). The mean maximum diameter of PHPTs upon surgery was 17.0 ± 7.7 cm (Range, 4.3-40.0 cm). The mean surgical duration was 192 ± 77 min (Range, 60-330 min) and the median intraoperative blood loss was 400 mL (IQR, 225-950 mL, Range, 100-3000 mL). One patient (4.8%) underwent intraoperative cardiopulmonary arrest and expired the following week. Four PHPTs (16.7%) presented postoperative wound infections and poor wound healing. During the follow-up period, five PHPTs (20.8%) experienced pseudotumour recurrence. Interpretation: Our findings suggest that surgical treatment for PHPTs is feasible and relatively safe. Symptomatic and progressive PHPTs should undergo surgical intervention as early as possible to minimise the surgical risks. Intraoperative use of abundant gelatin sponges in PHPT excision draws attention to severe embolism complications. Funding: There are no sources of funding for this manuscript.

Functional Status Associations With Treatment Receipt and Outcomes Among Older Adults Newly Diagnosed With Multiple Myeloma.

PURPOSE: Multiple myeloma (MM) is a prevalent hematologic malignancy in older adults, who often experience physical disability, increased health care usage, and reduced treatment tolerance. Home health (HH) services are frequently used by this group, but the relationship between disability, HH use, and MM treatment receipt is unclear. This study examines the connections between disability, treatment receipt, and survival outcomes in older adults with newly diagnosed MM using a nationwide data set. METHODS: The SEER-Medicare data set was used to identify adults aged 66 years and older diagnosed with MM from 2010 to 2017, who used HH services the year before diagnosis. Disability was assessed with the Outcome and Assessment Information Set, using a composite score derived from items related to ability to complete activities of daily living. Mortality, therapy receipt, and health care utilization patterns were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 37,280 older adults with MM, 6,850 (18.2%) used HH services before diagnosis. Moderate disability at HH assessment resulted in similar MM-directed therapy receipt as mild disability, with comparable health care usage after diagnosis to severe disability. HH users had a higher comorbidity burden and higher mortality (adjusted risk ratio for 3-year mortality: 1.59 [95% CI, 1.55 to 1.64]). Severe functional disability before diagnosis was strongly related to postdiagnosis mortality. CONCLUSION: Among older adults with MM receiving HH services, disability is a predictor of early mortality. Moderately disabled individuals undergo similar therapy intensity as the mildly disabled but experience increased acute care utilization. Previous HH use could identify patients with MM requiring intensive support during therapy initiation.

Fast and sensitive CRISPR detection by minimized interference of target amplification.

Despite the great potential of CRISPR-based detection, it has not been competitive with other market diagnostics for on-site and in-home testing. Here we dissect the rate-limiting factors that undermine the performance of Cas12b- and Cas13a-mediated detection. In one-pot testing, Cas12b interferes with loop-mediated isothermal amplification by binding to and cleaving the amplicon, while Cas13a directly degrades the viral RNA, reducing its amplification. We found that the protospacer-adjacent motif-interacting domain engineered Cas12b accelerated one-pot testing with 10-10,000-fold improved sensitivity, and detected 85 out of 85 SARS-CoV-2 clinical samples with a sensitivity of 0.5 cp µl-1, making it superior to wild-type Cas12b. In parallel, by diminishing the interference of Cas13a with viral RNA, the optimized Cas13a-based assay detected 86 out of 87 SARS-CoV-2 clinical samples at room temperature in 30 min with a sensitivity of 0.5 cp µl-1. The relaxed reaction conditions and improved performance of CRISPR-based assays make them competitive for widespread use in pathogen detection.

Applications, advancements, and challenges of 3D bioprinting in organ transplantation.

To date, organ transplantation remains an effective method for treating end-stage diseases of various organs. In recent years, despite the continuous development of organ transplantation technology, a variety of problems restricting its progress have emerged one after another, and the shortage of donors is at the top of the list. Bioprinting is a very useful tool that has huge application potential in many fields of life science and biotechnology, among which its use in medicine occupies a large area. With the development of bioprinting, advances in medicine have focused on printing cells and tissues for tissue regeneration and reconstruction of viable human organs, such as the heart, kidneys, and bones. In recent years, with the development of organ transplantation, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has played an increasingly important role in this field, giving rise to many unsolved problems, including a shortage of organ donors. This review respectively introduces the development of 3D bioprinting as well as its working principles and main applications in the medical field, especially in the applications, and advancements and challenges of 3D bioprinting in organ transplantation. With the continuous update and progress of printing technology and its deeper integration with the medical field, many obstacles will have new solutions, including tissue repair and regeneration, organ reconstruction, etc., especially in the field of organ transplantation. 3D printing technology will provide a better solution to the problem of donor shortage.

Comparation of 5 ml and 10 ml Negative Pressures with Wet-suction Techniques for EUS-FNA of Solid Lesions: A Single-center Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The negative pressure selectable for the wet-suction technique remains uncertain. The aim was to investigate the quality of sampling and diagnostic accuracy with solid lesions by 5 mL and 10 mL negative pressure with wet-suction techniques. METHODS: This is a single-center, crossover, randomized controlled trial conducted with a random sampling technique. In all, 160 patients consecutively undergoing EUS-FNA for solid lesions were randomized in a ratio of 1:1 into 2 groups, the 5 mL and 10 mL negative pressure wet-suction group. The main outcome was to compare the sample quality between the 2 groups. The secondary outcome was to compare the histologic and cytologic diagnostic accuracy of solid lesions. RESULTS: Pancreatic (n=129) and nonpancreatic (n=27) lesions from 156 lesions were examined. The sample quality concluding cellularity, adequacy, integrity, and blood contamination were comparable between the 2 groups. However, in subgroup analysis, we found 19G FNA provided more integrity of specimen in 5 mL than in 10 mL group (100% vs. 82.9%, P=0.025). In contrast, this benefit was not noteworthy in the 22G FNA subgroup. And there was no statistically significant in histologic (87.82% vs. 87.18%, P=1.000) and cytologic (78.85% vs. 80.77%, P=0.778) accuracy between 5 mL and 10 mL groups. CONCLUSION: When using the wet-suction technique, 5 mL and 10 mL negative pressure offer equivalent sample quality and diagnostic accuracy. However, the 19G FNA can obtain better sample quality with 5 mL negative pressure than 10 mL negative pressure.

Seamless Integration of Rapid Separation and Ultrasensitive Detection for Complex Biological Samples Using Multistage Annular Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Arrays.

Efficient separation, enrichment, and detection of bacteria in diverse media are pivotal for identifying bacterial diseases and their transmission pathways. However, conventional bacterial detection methods that split the separation and detection steps are plagued by prolonged processing times. Herein, a multistage annular functionalized carbon nanotube array device designed for the seamless integration of complex biological sample separation and multimarker detection is introduced. This device resorts to the supersmooth fluidity of the liquid sample in the carbon nanotubes interstice through rotation assistance, achieving the ability to quickly separate impurities and capture biomarkers (1 mL sample cost time of 2.5 s). Fluid dynamics simulations show that the reduction of near-surface hydrodynamic resistance drives the capture of bacteria and related biomarkers on the functionalized surface of carbon nanotube in sufficient time. When further assembled as an even detection device, it exhibited fast detection (<30 min), robust linear correlation (101 -107 colony-forming units [CFU] mL-1 , R2 = 0.997), ultrasensitivity (limit of detection = 1.7 CFU mL-1 ), and multitarget detection (Staphylococcus aureus, extracellular vesicles, and enterotoxin proteins). Collectively, the material and system offer an expanded platform for real-time diagnostics, enabling integrated rapid separation and detection of various disease biomarkers.